Study flow diagram in the G cambogia group and 21 of the 23 placebo group subjects completed the 16-week protocol garcinia fruit   Reasons for subject withdrawal are summarized in Figure 2 The number ofG cambogia and placebo subjects, respectively, assessed at each period were as follows: week 0, 21 and 23; week 4, 19 and 23; week 8, 19 and 22; and weeks 12 and 16, 18 and 21 The study subjects ranged in age from 20 to 65 years (mean [SEM] age, 44 [18] years)  garcinia fruit   In an analysis including the subjects who withdrew, no significant differences were found in initial age, body weight, BMI, waist and hip circumference, WHR, VFA, SFA, or total fat area (TFA) between the placebo group and the G cambogia group (Table II) Nutrient Intake Table III compares the nutrient intake by subjects in the 2 groups In the male subjects in both groups, energy expenditure was slightly lower than the 2250 kcal/d established by their dietary intervention In the female subjects in both groups, energy expenditure was approximately equal to the 1800 kcal/d established by their dietary intervention   garcinia fruit  During the 16-week experiment period, there were no significant between-group differences in nutrient intake or energy expenditure Abdominal Fat Distribution and Body Indices Abdominal fat distribution and body indices are shown in Tables IV and V, respectively Regardless of sex, the VFA, SFA, and TFA of subjects in the G cambogia group were significantly lower at 12 weeks (P  0009, 0  garcinia fruit  003, and 556 K Hayamizu et al Table II Baseline characteristics of study subjects (N  44)

Added by: biy3yo07
Tags: garcinia fruit
Date: 2013-03-08

Garcinia cambogia extracts are commonly added to weight loss supplements containing other ingredients, such as chromium picolinate and L-carnitine, and in appetite-suppressor products including snack bars, drinks, and chewing gums In these products, the calcium salt of (-)-hydroxycitric acid is usually used (InterHealth, 2003; Springwater Beverages Ltd, 2003; Woodward, 2002) vegan diet   Examples of products that contain Garcinia cambogia extracts are listed in Table 1 Liquid, 750 mg Garcinia cambogia extract (60% (-)-hydroxycitric acid), 750 mg L-carnitine, 500 mg arginine, 500 mg lysine, 500 mg ornithine ; other ingredients Source: InterHealth, 2003; Metabolife, 2003; Nature

Added by: biy3yo07
Tags: vegan diet
Date: 2013-03-08

18 Therefore, controlling the surplus energy from a high-carbohydrate diet is expected to be effective in preventing the accumulation of visceral fat Several studies have demonstrated that (-)-hydroxycitric acid (HCA), the principal acid of the rind of the Indian fruit Garcinia cambogia, is a competitive inhibitor of adenosine triphosphate citrate lyase,19

Added by: biy3yo07
Tags: alli weight loss
Date: 2013-03-08

N02-CB-07007 (10/03; 08/04) 2 Garcinia cambogia Extract 90045-23-1 EXPOSURE INFORMATION Production and Producers: Manufacturing process: All procedures described in the available literature to obtain Garcinia cambogia extract were ultimately conducted to produce extracts with a high content of (-)-hydroxycitric acid (-)-Hydroxycitric acid extracts can be prepared from Garcinia cambogia rind by water extraction weight loss solutions   The crude extract is loaded on an anion exchange column to adsorb (-)-hydroxycitric acid, and elution is carried out with sodium/potassium hydroxide This fraction is then passed through a cation exchange column to yield the free acid The final extract contains 54% (-)-hydroxycitric acid (Moffet et al, 1996)  weight loss solutions   Potassium or calcium salts of (-)-hydroxycitric acid extracts are generally known as Garcinia cambogia extracts and are used in consumer products A method to produce the potassium salt of (-)-hydroxycitric acid extract involves the extraction of the fruit rind with methanol This process is repeated several times After the extracts are combined, they are treated with methanolic potassium hydroxide   weight loss solutions  The resulting precipitated potassium hydroxycitrate extract is filtered, dried under vacuum, and packed under a nitrogen blanket (Majeed et al, 1998) Producers and importers: One US producer or distributor of Garcinia cambogia is listed by Chemical Sources International (2003) According to a recent issue of a chemical buyer

Added by: biy3yo07
Tags: weight loss solutions
Date: 2013-03-08

N02-CB-07007 (10/03; 08/04) 4 Garcinia cambogia Extract 90045-23-1 Another limited study reported that Super Citrimax

Added by: biy3yo07
Tags: supplements
Date: 2013-03-08

This material was prepared for the National Cancer Institute (NCI) for consideration by the Chemical Selection Working Group (CSWG) by Technical Resources International, Inc under contract no hoodia plus   N02-07007 Garcinia cambogia extract came to the attention of the NCI Division of Cancer Biology in follow-up to a previous nomination of ephedra to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Used alone or with other ingredients, Garcinia cambogia extract is marketed as an ephedra-free diet aid Although studies supporting its use have been published, no information supporting the safety of this product was identified in the available literature  hoodia plus   Some distributors of dietary supplements containing Garcinia cambogia extract do not recommend its use for persons with diabetes or dementia, or for pregnant or lactating women However, studies concerning these safety issues were not found in the available literature NOMINATION OF GARCINIA CAMBOGIA EXTRACT TO THE NTP Based on a review of available relevant literature and the recommendations of the Chemical Selection Working Group (CSWG) on December 17, 2003, NCI nominates this substance for testing by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) and forwards the following information: $ The attached Summary of Data for Chemical Selection $ Copies of references cited in the Summary of Data for Chemical Selection $ CSWG recommendations to: (1) Evaluate the extract and the lactone for genetic toxicology, (2) Evaluate the extract for toxicity in a 90-day subchronic study, (3) Expand the toxicological review of this extract for the following endpoint: developmental toxicology Garcinia cambogia Extract 90045-23-1 PRIORITY The CSWG suggested that the recommended testing be conducted with high priority   hoodia plus  COMMENTS Garcinia cambogia is used for weight reduction, raising concerns about developmental endpoints, such as fetal size and ossification At least one member of the CSWG felt that a structure-activity analysis could be based on pure hydroxycitric acid Following the CSWG meeting in December 2003, important new information relevant to the assessment of Garcinia cambogia was published Using the preincubation method and doses of 492-5,000 :g/plate, Super CitriMax, a calcium/potassium-hydroxycitrate extract (HCA-SX) was not mutagenic in the presence or absence of metabolic activation in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA102  hoodia plus   HCA-SX-induced increases in the number of revertants in other strains (TA100 and TA1535 in the absence of metabolic activation and in strain TA1537 in the presence of metabolic activation) No dose relationship was observed Tests in S typhimurium using the plate incorporation method were negative (Soni et al

Added by: biy3yo07
Tags: hoodia plus
Date: 2013-03-08

003, and 556 K Hayamizu et al i want to lose weight   Table II Baseline characteristics of study subjects (N  44) (Values are given as mean [SEM] unless otherwise noted) Garcinia cambogia Placebo Group BMI  body mass index; WHR  waist

Added by: biy3yo07
Tags: i want to lose weight
Date: 2013-03-08

; CPB International, Inc; Fabrichem, Inc loss weight  ; Har-Met International Inc; Indo German Alkaloids; International Sourcing Inc; MDS Chemical Co; M  loss weight  MP, Inc; Pharmachem Laboratories, Inc   loss weight ; Pharmed Medicare (P) Ltd; Pharmline, Inc; Paul Schueller International Inc; Spectrum Chemical Mfg  loss weight   Corp; and Unibar Corp (Tilton, 2002) Prepared for NCI to support chemical nomination by Technical Resources International, Inc

Added by: biy3yo07
Tags: loss weight
Date: 2013-03-08

04 and 002, respectively, vs placebo) diabetic diet   However, these findings were observed only in men, among whom the WHR in the G cambogia group tended to be lower than in the placebo group, although the difference was not significant (Table V) No significant differences in other indices were detected in either sex between the 2 treatment groups Clinical Laboratory Tests The results of clinical laboratory tests are shown in Table VI Serum triacylglycerol values tended to decrease over time in the G cambogia group but not significantly  diabetic diet   The mean values of the hematologic, hemobiochemical, and endocrinologic data did not change in the G cambogia group Adverse Effects No subject was removed from the study protocol for treatment-related adverse effects The following adverse effects occurred in the G cambogia and placebo group, respectively: common cold, 1 (48%) and 10 (43   diabetic diet 5%); toothache, 3 (143%) and 3 (130%); diarrhea, 2 (95%) and 4 (17  diabetic diet  4%); and headache, 0 (00%) and 4 (174%) 558 K

Added by: biy3yo07
Tags: diabetic diet
Date: 2013-03-08

The role of hydroxycitric acid is uncertain (Mansi ; Huang, 2004) Citations to these three reports are included in the reference list and full articles are included in the attached references safe weight loss pills   Garcinia cambogia Extract 90045-23-1 SUMMARY OF DATA FOR CHEMICAL SELECTION CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION CAS Registry Number: 90045-23-1 Chemical Abstracts Service Name: Garcinia cambogia extract (ChemID, 2003) Synonyms and Trade Names: Brindal Berry; Gamboge; Gorikapuli; Malabar Tamarind; Mangosteen; Uppagi (Drug Digest, 2003; HerbalProvidercom, 2003; Kalyxcom, 2003) Chemical and Physical Properties: Description: Off-white to pale brown powder (Siris Impex, 2003) Solubility: Soluble in ethanol and water (MDidea, 2001) Reactivity: Stable at room temperature in closed containers; incompatible with oxidizing agents; decomposes in carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide among other products (MDidea, 2001) Technical Products and Impurities: Garcinia cambogia is a small- or medium-sized tree, with drooping branches and ovoid fruits, native to Southeast Asia Several compounds have been isolated from certain species of Garcinia, including xanthones, xanthones derivatives, and (-)-hydroxycitric acid [CAS No  safe weight loss pills   27750-10-3] (-)-Hydroxycitric acid is present in the pericarp of the fruit of Garcinia cambogia up to 30% by weight Commercially available Garcinia cambogia extracts are prepared from the fruit rind and contain 50% (-)-hydroxycitric acid (Jena et al, 2002; Mattes ; Bormann, 2000; Siris Impex, 2003)   safe weight loss pills  Sigma-Aldrich (2002) offers Garcinia cambogia extract as the (-)-calcium threo-hydroxycitrate tribasic hydrate salt Garcinia cambogia extract powder (100%) and Garcinia cambogia extract liquid (100%), standardized to 50% and 30% of (-)-hydroxycitric acid, respectively, can also be obtained from Premier Specialties (Premier Specialties, 2003) Prepared for NCI to support chemical nomination by Technical Resources International, Inc under Contract No  safe weight loss pills   N02-CB-07007 (10/03; 08/04) 1 Garcinia cambogia Extract 90045-23-1 Among the components of the Garcinia cambogia extract, (-)-hydroxycitric acid exists as a free acid and as hydroxycitric acid lactone forms The free acid form is considered to be biologically active However, the free acid is unstable and is converted to its more stable lactone form For consumer products, the free acid is often stabilized by forming salts of (-)-hydroxycitric acid (Majeed et al

Added by: biy3yo07
Tags: safe weight loss pills
Date: 2013-03-08

, 2004) Shara and coworkers (2004) evaluated the dose- and time-dependent effects of HCA-SX in Sprague-Dawley rats on body weight, selected organ weights, hepatic lipid peroxidation and DNA fragmentation, hematology and clinical chemistry for periods of up to 90 days weight watchers diet   Histopathological evaluation was performed at 90 days The animals were administered 0, 02, 20, and 5  weight watchers diet  0% HCA-SX in feed and were killed at 30, 60, or 90 days A time-, but not dose-dependent increase in hepatic lipid peroxidation was observed Under identical conditions, HCA-SX caused no effect on hepatic DNA fragmentation Selected organ weights individually and as a percent of body weight and brain weight at 90 days of treatment exhibited no significant difference between the groups   weight watchers diet  No difference was observed in hematology and clinical Garcinia cambogia Extract 90045-23-1 chemistry results Histopathological evaluation of 26 tissue/organ sites showed no changes due to HCA-SX treatment with the exception of the gastric mucosa The mucosa of the glandular stomach of one animal was atrophied and mineralizedl and foci of glandular dilatation were noted in a number of animals Rhabdomyolysis following the ingestion of weight-loss herbal medicine was reported in an otherwise healthy 54-year-old woman  weight watchers diet   Three hours after ingestion of a herbal medicine containing ma huang (12 mg ephedrine), guarana (190 mg), chitosan (250 mg), Gymnena sylvestre (100 mg), Garcinia cambogia (50% hydroxycitric acid) (50 mg), and chromium (200 mg), the patient suffered chest pain that continued for two hours and resolved gradually Laboratory investigation showed the presence of rhabdomyolysis with peak serum creatine kinase (CK) of 1028 IU/L, which gradually decreased and normalized after the herbal medicine was discontinued The role of hydroxycitric acid is uncertain (Mansi ; Huang, 2004) Citations to these three reports are included in the reference list and full articles are included in the attached references

Added by: biy3yo07
Tags: weight watchers diet
Date: 2013-03-08

Short-Term Tests: No in vitro or in vivo studies evaluating Garcinia cambogia extract for mutagenic activity were found in the available literature Metabolism: (-)-Hydroxycitric acid is the only component of the Garcinia cambogia extract for which pharmacokinetics has been studied slimming   Salts of (-)-hydroxycitric acid have been used in dietary supplements because this modification may increase the stability of (-)-hydroxycitric acid and prevent it from being converted into its lactone form However, the calcium and magnesium salts of (-)-hydroxycitric acid are slightly soluble in aqueous media and, therefore, poorly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract (Clouatre ; Dunn, 2002) Calcium and magnesium salts of (-)-hydroxycitric acid are broken down by bile acids and fats in the gut and become bound to fibers, pectins, or other substances in the diet or secreted during digestion (Clouatre ; Dunn, 2002) The peak plasma level of (-)-hydroxycitric acid was 8  slimming  4 :g/ml at two hours after the oral administration of 2 g of Garcinia cambogia extract (Super Citrimax

Added by: biy3yo07
Tags: slimming
Date: 2013-03-08

This action of HCA should reduce the acetyl coenzyme A pool, thus limiting the availability of 2-carbon units required for fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis22 In vitro and in vivo studies show that HCA inhibits the actions of citrate cleavage enzyme, suppresses de novo fatty acid synthesis, increases rates of hepatic glycogen synthesis, and decreases body weight gain how can i lose weight  23

Added by: biy3yo07
Tags: how can i lose weight
Date: 2013-03-08

18 Therefore, controlling the surplus energy from a high-carbohydrate diet is expected to be effective in preventing the accumulation of visceral fat Several studies have demonstrated that (-)-hydroxycitric acid (HCA), the principal acid of the rind of the Indian fruit Garcinia cambogia, is a competitive inhibitor of adenosine triphosphate citrate lyase,19

Added by: biy3yo07
Tags: acai berry weight loss
Date: 2013-03-08

18 Therefore, controlling the surplus energy from a high-carbohydrate diet is expected to be effective in preventing the accumulation of visceral fat Several studies have demonstrated that (-)-hydroxycitric acid (HCA), the principal acid of the rind of the Indian fruit Garcinia cambogia, is a competitive inhibitor of adenosine triphosphate citrate lyase,19

Added by: biy3yo07
Tags: dietary supplements
Date: 2013-03-08

0, and 50% HCA-SX in feed and were killed at 30, 60, or 90 days how to loose weight   A time-, but not dose-dependent increase in hepatic lipid peroxidation was observed Under identical conditions, HCA-SX caused no effect on hepatic DNA fragmentation Selected organ weights individually and as a percent of body weight and brain weight at 90 days of treatment exhibited no significant difference between the groups No difference was observed in hematology and clinical Garcinia cambogia Extract 90045-23-1 chemistry results  how to loose weight   Histopathological evaluation of 26 tissue/organ sites showed no changes due to HCA-SX treatment with the exception of the gastric mucosa The mucosa of the glandular stomach of one animal was atrophied and mineralizedl and foci of glandular dilatation were noted in a number of animals Rhabdomyolysis following the ingestion of weight-loss herbal medicine was reported in an otherwise healthy 54-year-old woman Three hours after ingestion of a herbal medicine containing ma huang (12 mg ephedrine), guarana (190 mg), chitosan (250 mg), Gymnena sylvestre (100 mg), Garcinia cambogia (50% hydroxycitric acid) (50 mg), and chromium (200 mg), the patient suffered chest pain that continued for two hours and resolved gradually   how to loose weight  Laboratory investigation showed the presence of rhabdomyolysis with peak serum creatine kinase (CK) of 1028 IU/L, which gradually decreased and normalized after the herbal medicine was discontinued The role of hydroxycitric acid is uncertain (Mansi ; Huang, 2004) Citations to these three reports are included in the reference list and full articles are included in the attached references Garcinia cambogia Extract 90045-23-1 SUMMARY OF DATA FOR CHEMICAL SELECTION CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION CAS Registry Number: 90045-23-1 Chemical Abstracts Service Name: Garcinia cambogia extract (ChemID, 2003) Synonyms and Trade Names: Brindal Berry; Gamboge; Gorikapuli; Malabar Tamarind; Mangosteen; Uppagi (Drug Digest, 2003; HerbalProvider  how to loose weight  com, 2003; Kalyxcom, 2003) Chemical and Physical Properties: Description: Off-white to pale brown powder (Siris Impex, 2003) Solubility: Soluble in ethanol and water (MDidea, 2001) Reactivity: Stable at room temperature in closed containers; incompatible with oxidizing agents; decomposes in carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide among other products (MDidea, 2001) Technical Products and Impurities: Garcinia cambogia is a small- or medium-sized tree, with drooping branches and ovoid fruits, native to Southeast Asia Several compounds have been isolated from certain species of Garcinia, including xanthones, xanthones derivatives, and (-)-hydroxycitric acid [CAS No 27750-10-3]

Added by: biy3yo07
Tags: how to loose weight
Date: 2013-03-08

The final extract contains 54% (-)-hydroxycitric acid (Moffet et al, 1996) liquid diet weight loss   Potassium or calcium salts of (-)-hydroxycitric acid extracts are generally known as Garcinia cambogia extracts and are used in consumer products A method to produce the potassium salt of (-)-hydroxycitric acid extract involves the extraction of the fruit rind with methanol This process is repeated several times After the extracts are combined, they are treated with methanolic potassium hydroxide  liquid diet weight loss   The resulting precipitated potassium hydroxycitrate extract is filtered, dried under vacuum, and packed under a nitrogen blanket (Majeed et al, 1998) Producers and importers: One US producer or distributor of Garcinia cambogia is listed by Chemical Sources International (2003) According to a recent issue of a chemical buyer

Added by: biy3yo07
Tags: liquid diet weight loss
Date: 2013-03-08

According to distributor warning labels, the consumption of Garcinia cambogia extract is contraindicated in diabetic patients, subjects with Alzheimer

Added by: biy3yo07
Tags: acupuncture for weight loss
Date: 2013-03-08

2, 20, and 5 loss weight fast  0% HCA-SX in feed and were killed at 30, 60, or 90 days A time-, but not dose-dependent increase in hepatic lipid peroxidation was observed Under identical conditions, HCA-SX caused no effect on hepatic DNA fragmentation Selected organ weights individually and as a percent of body weight and brain weight at 90 days of treatment exhibited no significant difference between the groups  loss weight fast   No difference was observed in hematology and clinical Garcinia cambogia Extract 90045-23-1 chemistry results Histopathological evaluation of 26 tissue/organ sites showed no changes due to HCA-SX treatment with the exception of the gastric mucosa The mucosa of the glandular stomach of one animal was atrophied and mineralizedl and foci of glandular dilatation were noted in a number of animals Rhabdomyolysis following the ingestion of weight-loss herbal medicine was reported in an otherwise healthy 54-year-old woman   loss weight fast  Three hours after ingestion of a herbal medicine containing ma huang (12 mg ephedrine), guarana (190 mg), chitosan (250 mg), Gymnena sylvestre (100 mg), Garcinia cambogia (50% hydroxycitric acid) (50 mg), and chromium (200 mg), the patient suffered chest pain that continued for two hours and resolved gradually Laboratory investigation showed the presence of rhabdomyolysis with peak serum creatine kinase (CK) of 1028 IU/L, which gradually decreased and normalized after the herbal medicine was discontinued The role of hydroxycitric acid is uncertain (Mansi ; Huang, 2004) Citations to these three reports are included in the reference list and full articles are included in the attached references  loss weight fast   Garcinia cambogia Extract 90045-23-1 SUMMARY OF DATA FOR CHEMICAL SELECTION CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION CAS Registry Number: 90045-23-1 Chemical Abstracts Service Name: Garcinia cambogia extract (ChemID, 2003) Synonyms and Trade Names: Brindal Berry; Gamboge; Gorikapuli; Malabar Tamarind; Mangosteen; Uppagi (Drug Digest, 2003; HerbalProvidercom, 2003; Kalyxcom, 2003) Chemical and Physical Properties: Description: Off-white to pale brown powder (Siris Impex, 2003) Solubility: Soluble in ethanol and water (MDidea, 2001) Reactivity: Stable at room temperature in closed containers; incompatible with oxidizing agents; decomposes in carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide among other products (MDidea, 2001) Technical Products and Impurities: Garcinia cambogia is a small- or medium-sized tree, with drooping branches and ovoid fruits, native to Southeast Asia Several compounds have been isolated from certain species of Garcinia, including xanthones, xanthones derivatives, and (-)-hydroxycitric acid [CAS No

Added by: biy3yo07
Tags: loss weight fast
Date: 2013-03-08

This action of HCA should reduce the acetyl coenzyme A pool, thus limiting the availability of 2-carbon units required for fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis22 In vitro and in vivo studies show that HCA inhibits the actions of citrate cleavage enzyme, suppresses de novo fatty acid synthesis, increases rates of hepatic glycogen synthesis, and decreases body weight gain ways to lose weight fast  23

Added by: biy3yo07
Tags: ways to lose weight fast
Date: 2013-03-08